CSS代码技巧
# 浏览器的兼容性
- 网络上已经有成熟的css代码库为我们解决浏览器不一致问题,例如normalize.css、minireset和ress,你可以在你的项目中引用它们。
- 如果你不想使用第三方代码库,你可以使用下面的样式来进行一个非常基本的css reset:
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
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上面的代码看起来有些霸道,将所有元素的内外边距都设置为0了,而正是没有了这些默认内外边距的影响,使得我们后面的css设置会更加的容易。 同时box-sizing: border-box也是一个很棒的设置,我们紧接着就会介绍它。
# 所有元素设置为Border-box
大多数初学者都不知道box-sizing这个属性,但实际上它非常重要。box-sizing属性有两个值:
- content-box(默认) - 当我们设置一个元素的宽度或高度时,就是设置它的内容的大小。所有的padding和边框值都不包含。
例如,一个div的宽度设置为100,padding为10,于是这个元素将占用120像素(100+2*10)。
- border-box - padding与边框包含在元素的宽度或高度中,一个设置为width: 100px和box-sizing:border-box的div元素,他的总宽度就是100px,无论它的内边距和边框有多少。
# 垂直对齐
如果你用CSS,则你会有困惑:我该怎么垂直对齐容器中的元素?现在,利用CSS3的Transform,可以很优雅的解决这个困惑:
使用这个技巧,从单行文本、段落到box,都会垂直对齐。目前浏览器对Transform的支持是需要关注的.
Chrome 4, Opera 10, Safari 3, Firefox 3, and Internet Explorer 9均支持该属性。
# 内容垂直居中
# 背景渐变动画
CSS中最具诱惑的一个功能是能添加动画效果,除了渐变,你可以给背景色、透明度、元素大小添加动画。目前,你不能为渐变添加动画,但下面的代码可能有帮助。它通过改变背景位置,让它看起来有动画效果。
# 用CSS动画实现省略号动画
# 跨浏览器的透明
# 图片边框偏光
# CSS3:全屏背景
# 缝合CSS3元素
# 大字段落
# 内部CSS3 盒阴影
# 三角形列表项目符号
# CSS3 圆点图案/方格图案
# 论文页面的卷曲效果
# 带CSS3特色的横幅显示
# 持久的列表排序
# 深灰色的圆形按钮
# CSS引用模板
blockquote {
background: #f9f9f9;
border-left: 10px solid #ccc;
margin: 1.5em 10px;
padding: .5em 10px;
quotes: "\201C""\201D""\2018""\2019";
}
blockquote:before {
color: #ccc;
content: open-quote;
font-size: 4em;
line-height: .1em;
margin-right: .25em;
vertical-align: -.4em;
}
blockquote p {
display: inline;
}
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# 自定义文本选择
::selection { background: #e2eae2; }
::-moz-selection { background: #e2eae2; }
::-webkit-selection { background: #e2eae2; }
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# 锚链接伪类
a:link { color: blue; }
a:visited { color: purple; }
a:hover { color: red; }
a:active { color: yellow; }
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# CSS3 列文本
#columns-3 {
text-align: justify;
-moz-column-count: 3;
-moz-column-gap: 12px;
-moz-column-rule: 1px solid #c4c8cc;
-webkit-column-count: 3;
-webkit-column-gap: 12px;
-webkit-column-rule: 1px solid #c4c8cc;
}
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# IE6的PNG透明修复40、跨浏览器设置最小高度41、CSS3 鲜艳的输入
.bg {
width:200px;
height:100px;
background: url(/folder/yourimage.png) no-repeat;
_background:none;
_filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.AlphaImageLoader(src='/folder/yourimage.png',sizingMethod='crop');
}
/* 1px gif method */
img, .png {
position: relative;
behavior: expression((this.runtimeStyle.behavior="none")&&(this.pngSet?this.pngSet=true:(this.nodeName == "IMG" && this.src.toLowerCase().indexOf('.png')>-1?(this.runtimeStyle.backgroundImage = "none",
this.runtimeStyle.filter = "progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.AlphaImageLoader(src='" + this.src + "', sizingMethod='image')",
this.src = "images/transparent.gif"):(this.origBg = this.origBg? this.origBg :this.currentStyle.backgroundImage.toString().replace('url("','').replace('")',''),
this.runtimeStyle.filter = "progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.AlphaImageLoader(src='" + this.origBg + "', sizingMethod='crop')",
this.runtimeStyle.backgroundImage = "none")),this.pngSet=true));
}
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# 强制换行
pre {
white-space: pre-wrap; /* css-3 */
white-space: -moz-pre-wrap; /* Mozilla, since 1999 */
white-space: -pre-wrap; /* Opera 4-6 */
white-space: -o-pre-wrap; /* Opera 7 */
word-wrap: break-word; /* Internet Explorer 5.5+ */
}
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# 网页顶部盒阴影
body:before {
content: "";
position: fixed;
top: -10px;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 10px;
-webkit-box-shadow: 0px 0px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.8);
-moz-box-shadow: 0px 0px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.8);
box-shadow: 0px 0px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.8);
z-index: 100;
}
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# CSS3对话气泡
.chat-bubble {
background-color: #ededed;
border: 2px solid #666;
font-size: 35px;
line-height: 1.3em;
margin: 10px auto;
padding: 10px;
position: relative;
text-align: center;
width: 300px;
-moz-border-radius: 20px;
-webkit-border-radius: 20px;
-moz-box-shadow: 0 0 5px #888;
-webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 5px #888;
font-family: 'Bangers', arial, serif;
}
.chat-bubble-arrow-border {
border-color: #666 transparent transparent transparent;
border-style: solid;
border-width: 20px;
height: 0;
width: 0;
position: absolute;
bottom: -42px;
left: 30px;
}
.chat-bubble-arrow {
border-color: #ededed transparent transparent transparent;
border-style: solid;
border-width: 20px;
height: 0;
width: 0;
position: absolute;
bottom: -39px;
left: 30px;
}
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# 纯CSS背景噪音
body {
background-image: url(data:image/png;base64,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);
background-color: #0094d0;
}
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# CSS悬浮提示文本
a {
border-bottom:1px solid #bbb;
color:#666;
display:inline-block;
position:relative;
text-decoration:none;
}
a:hover,a:focus { color:#36c;}
a:active {top:1px;}
/* Tooltip styling */
a[data-tooltip]:after {
border-top: 8px solid #222;
border-top: 8px solid hsla(0,0%,0%,.85);
border-left: 8px solid transparent;
border-right: 8px solid transparent;
content: "";
display: none;
height: 0;
width: 0;
left: 25%;
position: absolute;
}
a[data-tooltip]:before {
background: #222;
background: hsla(0,0%,0%,.85);
color: #f6f6f6;
content: attr(data-tooltip);
display: none;
font-family: sans-serif;
font-size: 14px;
height: 32px;
left: 0;
line-height: 32px;
padding: 0 15px;
position: absolute;
text-shadow: 0 1px 1px hsla(0,0%,0%,1);
white-space: nowrap;
-webkit-border-radius: 5px;
-moz-border-radius: 5px;
-o-border-radius: 5px;
border-radius: 5px;
}
a[data-tooltip]:hover:after {
display: block;
top: -9px;
}
a[data-tooltip]:hover:before {
display: block;
top: -41px;
}
a[data-tooltip]:active:after {
top: -10px;
}
a[data-tooltip]:active:before {
top: -42px;
}
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# 在可打印的网页中显示URLs
@media print {
a:after {
content: " [" attr(href) "] ";
}
}
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# 禁用移动Webkit的选择高亮
body {
-webkit-touch-callout: none;
-webkit-user-select: none;
-khtml-user-select: none;
-moz-user-select: none;
-ms-user-select: none;
user-select: none;
}
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# CSS font属性缩写
p {
font: italic small-caps bold 1.2em/1.0em Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica;
}
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# 鲜艳的锚链接
a { color: #00e;}
a:visited { color: #551a8b;}
a:hover { color: #06e;}
a:focus { outline: thin dotted;}
a:hover, a:active { outline: 0;}
a, a:visited, a:active {
text-decoration: none;
color: #fff;
-webkit-transition: all .3s ease-in-out;
}
a:hover, .glow {
color: #ff0;
text-shadow: 0 0 10px #ff0;
}
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上次更新: 2021/01/31 08:17:00